Friday, October 25, 2013

Cook Kaju Katli - Cashew Barfi (Indian Diwali Dessert Recipe)

Kaju katli recipe


Prep Time10 mins    |  Cook time: 20 mins    |  Makes14 pieces

Ingredients


Cashew nuts 1 cup(levelled) 
Sugar 1/2 cup(heaped) 
Water 1/4 cup 
Milk 1 tblsp 
Ghee Just for greasing 

Method

  1. Powder the cashews in a dry mixer. You have to be careful here, just grind it in a stretch, don’t stop in between and grind. You will be sure able to see the powder in the transparent lid, so keep grinding until you get fine powder.This will not take much time. Also never grind the cashew which is cold,taken from the fridge,grind it when it is in room temperature. When I ground 1 cup of cashews, I got more than a cup of cashew powder, but I used 1 cup,heaped(like a mountain) cashew powder. There was some 2 tblsp left for me.
  2. cashew-powder
  3. Boil sugar with water and keep stirring. Keep little water in a small bowl and just pour few drops in the water to check the consistency. If you pour few drops, it should lay a fine thread that doesn’t gets dissolved in water immediately when you touch.
  4. sugar-syrup
  5. At this stage,low the flame add the powdered cashew and keep stirring.Say for 3-4 minutes in low flame and your mixture gets thick and starts boiling, switch off the flame. Smear ur hands with water and test by rolling a small pinch of the mixture in between ur fingers. You should be able to form a non sticky ball. This is the correct consistency.
  6. stir
  7. Keep stirring in the pan itself with the ladle and the mixture turns more like a dough.When the mixture is still warm,take it to another clean platform/countertop and keep kneading. Mine was a bit dry, so I sprinkled some milk and kept kneading.The dough was grainy till then, but after kneading the dough really became smooth. I used gloves for kneading,so if you want u can use little ghee while kneading.
  8. consistency
  9. Roll the dough into thin layer and cut it diagonally to make pieces.You can first draw lines lightly with the knife tip and then cut into diamonds to get perfect shapes.
  10. knead,cut

Notes:

  1. I used milk only as my mixture was dry while kneading. If its fine then no need to add milk while kneading.
  2. If you add milk while kneading,shelf life is less,so keep refrigerated.
  3. Use less water to make sugar syrup to get the consistency quickly. While making sugar syrup,keep the flame in medium if you are nearing the consistency.
  4. If you add cashew powder before the sugar syrup reaches the consistency, then the dough will be sticky. So the sugar syrup consistency is important.
  5. While powdering,if you grind for more time,the powder sticks and gives a coarse looking powder. But that’s ok,it will be smoothed when you are kneading. But note that coarse look on result of over grinding – is different from the real coarse powder. So don’t get confused.
  6. Till the end your mixture will not be that smooth,but when you knead the  mixture turns to a smooth dough. So don’t panic like me ;)

Your Kaju Katli is ready now to enjoy! Just melts in our mouth!! My kid call this ‘Diamond sweet'.
Cashew-burfi-recipe

10 inventors who didn't get mega-rich from their inventions


Mikhail Kalashnikov
Doug Engelbart, who has died aged 88, never really made any money from inventing the mouse. Here are 10 others who didn't get to be billionaires.
1. LEDs
When Nick Holonyak Jr invented the first practically useful LED in 1962 he predicted it would one day replace Edison's lightbulb. Holonyak's colleagues have said he should be given the Nobel Prize but he humbly says: "It's ridiculous to think that somebody owes you something. We're lucky to be alive, when it comes down to it."
2. Post-It Notes
3M sell billions of Post-It Notes each year but its inventors describe themselves as "comfortably off" not wealthy. They were the co-creation ofDr Spencer Silver, who in 1968 developed an adhesive that had a "removability characteristic", and his colleague Art Fry hit on the idea of a bookmark that would stay in place in his hymnbook.
3. AK-47
The Kalashnikov rifle, or AK-47, was invented by Soviet Army soldierMikhail Kalashnikov while recovering in hospital from injuries sustained in World War II. Kalashnikov claimed his creation was for the benefit of his country.
Kenny Everett
4. Sapphire stylus
Marie Killick invented a sapphire stylus for a record player but could not license it and despite years of litigation never made any money. In 1958 she won a lawsuit against Pye but went bankrupt the following year.
5. Hovercraft
Sir Christopher Cockerell used a vacuum cleaner and tin cans to test his theories as he developed the hovercraft, which first crossed between Calais and Dover in 1959. Cockerell was knighted but fought for years to get a lump sum from the National Research Development Corporation.
Hovercraft
6. Tetris
Russian computer programmer Alexey Pajitnov's game Tetris was developed alongside colleagues at a Russian government-funded research centre in 1985. He only started getting royalties 10 years later when he formed The Tetris Company.
7. The Wind-Up Radio
Inventor Trevor Baylis recently said he can no longer afford to live in his home in Twickenham, London, because despite millions of sales around the globe, the company he went into business with were able to tweak his design and he lost control over the product and profits.
"Most of us don't do it for the money but for the buzz," says Baylis. "I know that at least I've left my mark with the radio, the wind-up torch and other things I've invented."
Karaoke
8. Karaoke machines
Japanese businessman Daisuke Inoue made money from playing drums in a backing band which let bar goers take the mic and have a go at singing. One time when he couldn't make a gig he put the backing music on tape instead and later made 11 Karaoke (empty orchestra) machines which he leased out. He didn't patent his invention and barely made a yen.
9. MP3
The MP3 quickly became the standard for transferring music over the internet. German PhD student Karlheinz Brandenburg started work on the project in the 1980s but because there was no money to distribute the software it was marketed as shareware.
Sir Tim Berners-LeeSir Tim Berners-Lee earned billions, but only in kudos
10. World Wide Web
And finally, no-one would have stumbled across this list save for Sir Tim Berners-Lee, who created the web to help scientists working at the European research lab at Cern. He says the secret of the rapid success of his invention was the fact he made it freely available.
Not all inventors are driven to make money but some want to make a contribution to the "common good", says Dr Tilly Blyth, Keeper of Engineering and Technology at the Science Museum.
"We tend to focus on the commercial development but in fact its often public and government research that has got it to that stage," Dr Blyth says. "If you look at the iPhone you think it's a great invention from Steve Jobs and Apple but look at the vital components like the screen, the chip and the processor and their origins were all in government-funded research."
"A lot of the real cutting-edge research comes from the pure and blue sky thinking done in public research facilities for the good of humanity rather than to make money."
source- http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine-23179103

SOA - SERVICE ORIENTED ARCHITECTURE

SOA SUPPORT IN J2EE
Platform overview
J2EE or Java EE-Java 2 Platform Enterprise Edition
Java EE is the industry standard for developing portable, robust, scalable and secure server-side Java applications. (Sun Microsystems)
Types of Platform
Java 2 Platform Standard Edition (J2SE)
Java 2 Platform Micro Edition (J2ME)
Java 2 Platform Enterprise Edition (J2EE)
Relevant layers of the J2EE platform



J2EE specifications
Java 2 Platform Enterprise Edition Specification
Java API for XML-based RPC (JAX-RPC)
Web Services for J2EE
Architecture components – Used to build J2EE web application
Java Server Pages (JSPs)
Struts
Java Servlets
Enterprise JavaBeans (EJBs)
Runtime Environments
Provides additional runtime layers & API
Support two types of Component container with JAX-RPC
EJB container
Designed to host EJB components
Provides a series of enterprise-level services
Web container
   Extension to a Web server
 Used to host Java Web applications consisting of JSP or Java servlet components.
 Provide runtime services for processing of JSP requests and servlet instances.
Programming Languages
J2EE Standard Java language can be used to build Web services.
E.g.. Rational Application developer from IBM, JDeveloper from Oracle
J2EE Programming languages are
APIs
service providers
Service Requestors
Service agents
Platform extensions
APIs
Some of the relevant APIs to building SOA are
Java API for XML Processing (JAXP)
Process XML document content using a number of available parsers.
Support Document Object Model (DOM) and Simple API for XML (SAX)
transform and validate XML documents using XSLT stylesheets and XSD schemas
Packages includes
javax.xml.parsers
org.w3c.dom & org.xml.sax
javax.xml.transform


Java API for XML-based RPC (JAX-RPC)
Most popular SOAP processing API
Support both RPC-literal, document-literal request-response exchanges and one-way transmissions
Packages
javax.xml.rpc & javax.xml.rpc.server
javax.xml.rpc.handler & javax.xml.rpc.handler.soap
javax.xml.soap & javax.xml.rpc.soap

Java API for XML Registries (JAXR)
Offers a standard interface for accessing business and service registries.
 Devp for ebXML directories, Support for UDDI.
Packages
javax.xml.registry
javax.xml.registry.infomodel

Java API for XML Messaging (JAXM)
asynchronous, document-style SOAP messaging API
Used for one-way and broadcast message transmissions
SOAP with Attachments API for Java (SAAJ)
Managing SOAP messages requiring attachments
Imp. of SOAP with Attachments (SwA) 
Java Architecture for XML Binding API (JAXB)
Generating Java classes from XSD schemas and abstracting XML-level development.
Java Message Service API (JMS)
Java-centric messaging protocol 
Providing reliable delivery features not found in typical HTTP communication.

Service Providers (SP)
Typically implemented as servlets or EJB components.
JAX-RPC Service Endpoint
Imp as a servlet by Web container logic
Used within web container
EJB Service Endpoint
 Required when runtime features only available within an EJB container
 EJB component ---Stateless Session Bean.
Service Endpoint Interface (SEI)
 Follow the JAX-RPC WSDL-to-Java mapping rules

Service Implementation Bean
A class is built by a developer to house the custom business logic of a Web service. 
The Service Implementation Bean can be imp as
 EJB Endpoint (Stateless Session Bean) 
referred to as an EJB Service Implementation Bean 
resides in the EJB container
JAX-RPC Endpoint (servlet)
called as JAX-RPC Service Implementation Bean 
deployed in the Web container.


Service Requestors (SR)
Uses JAX-RPC API to create three types of client proxies
Generated stub or (Stub)
Auto-generated by JAX-RPC compiler (at design time) by consuming SP WSDL, and producing a Java-equivalent proxy component.
 Produces a static proxy  
Dynamic proxy and dynamic invocation interface 
Actual stub is not created until its methods are           invoked at runtime
Allows for fully dynamic interaction between a Java component and a WSDL definition at runtime.

Service Agents
Perform a variety of runtime filtering, processing, and routing tasks.
E.g.. Process of SOAP header processing
JAX-RPC API allows for the creation of specialized service agents called Handlers 
Handlers can process SOAP header blocks 
 messages sent by J2EE service requestors 
 messages received by EJB and JAX-RPC Service Endpoints.
Multiple handlers process different header blocks in same 
SOAP message. (called as handler chain).

Primitive SOA support
Some primitive SOA characteristics are
Service encapsulation
Loose coupling
Messaging – via JMS protocol
JMS- Java Message service

Principles of service-orientation by J2EE
Autonomy- JAX-RPC , EJB Service Endpoints 
Reusability- service can encapsulate one or more new or existing EJB components
Statelessness- does not maintain its state
Discoverability- JAXR- represent UDDI for publishing & issuing searches


Contemporary SOA support with J2EE
Based on open standards
Supports vendor diversity
Intrinsically interoperable
Promotes federation
Architecturally composable
Extensibility
Supports service-oriented business modeling
Logic-level abstraction
Organizational agility  
Enterprise-wide loose coupling